再談 國術大師-武紹林先生
Discussing the Great Martial Arts Master Mr. Wu Shaolin
傳統武藝,其中一脈系統,傳承於山東青島武紹林先
Mr. Wu Shaolin inherited a complete system of traditional Chinese martial arts in Qingdao, Shandong
武紹林 先生 代表- 孫臏拳‧查拳‧太極拳
Mr. Wu Shaolin represented Sunbin Boxing, Cha Boxing, and Taiji Boxing
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以下為 (何聰源口述.蔡增馨整理):
The following was an oral account by Ho Tsongyuan (何聰源) compiled by Cai Zengxin (蔡增馨):
武紹林 老師,民國四年一月二日出生於山東平度,幼年從塾師習文。
Teacher Wu Shaolin (武紹林), born in Pingdu, Shandong province on Jan. 2, 1915 (1904 of the ROC calendar), studied literature with a private teacher in his youth.
一日因持家中元寶挖沙戲耍忘了上學,遭塾師嚴厲責打至手幾不能捧碗,自此視上學為畏途,後因家鄉鬧匪患,父親遂將師送往煙台友人處寄宿。
One day, Teacher forgot to go to school because he was playing in the sand with a family ingot (元寶; aka. “yuánbǎo”: a currency used in imperial China), causing his teacher to beat him so badly that he could barely even lift a bowl. Thereafter, he deemed school a perilous undertaking. Later, since his hometown was ransacked by bandits, Teacher’s father sent him to stay with a friend in Yantai (approx. 135 mi from Qingdao).
然師依舊無心課業,鎮日在外遊逛,時日一久,漸覺索然 無味。一日忽覺同儕小孩放學後皆不見人影,怪而問之,方知彼等皆往武館習拳練武。
Teacher, who still had no heart for schoolwork, would wander around outside all day, but over time, gradually became very bored. One day after school Teacher suddenly noticed that the other kids in his class all virtually disappeared. To satisfy his curiosity, he asked and was told they had gone to a martial arts school to train in martial arts.
師聞之心動,乃央父之友人引進,開始習武。彼時唯精練一套連五掌,如是歷一年。
Having piqued Teacher’s interest, he then begged his father to introduce him to a friend in order to begin training. At this point, he had only practiced the form Lian Wu Zhang (連五掌; aka. “Fifth Brother Lian’s Palm”), which persisted for about one year.
一日,其父因欲遷居青島,來煙台接師,始知師已因沉迷武術而荒疏課業,即正色告師:「汝若欲習文則即同往青島就學,如欲練武亦許代覓良師」,允師二者擇一。師思之再三決心練武,其父遂將師送往師爺處習武。師自述彼時練武猶如瘋子,某晚竟於睡夢中出拳打中睡於一旁炕上的父親臉頰,使得父親數日不能正常咀嚼而需代以流質進食。時有武師王永彬常來訪師爺楊慶先,每至,師必往港埠購海產以增菜色,王師見彼勤快且是個練武根器,一日語師爺楊慶先曰:「此小兒你不能教。」師爺反問:「我不能教是由大哥您教嗎?」
One day, since Teacher’s father wanted to relocate to Qingdao, he came to Yantai to pick him up and noticed that, due to his obsession with martial arts, Teacher had been neglecting his studies, hence told him sternly, “If you wish to study literature, come with me to Qingdao to enroll in school; [but] if you want to learn martial arts, I can find you a good instructor, too,” permitting him to choose either-or. After some thought, Teacher decided to train in martial arts, thus his father sent him to Grandmaster’s place to learn (楊慶先; aka. “Yang Qingxian”). Teacher said he used to train like a madman. One night while fast asleep he unintentionally threw a punch that struck his father on the side of his face, making it impossible for him to chew normally for several days and forcing him to consume only liquids. Around this period, the martial arts master Wang Yongbin (王永彬) frequently visited Grandmaster. Each time, Teacher would go to the port and buy seafood to spruce up his dish. Master Wang recognized that Teacher was diligent and also a martial arts practitioner. “You can’t teach this kid,” he told GM Yang one day. “If not I, could Big Brother [Wang] do it?” Grandmaster retorted.
王師曰:「也不是我教,要由老先生來教。」王師口中老先生即當時山東孫臏拳名師—楊廷棟老先生。師爺許之,王師遂攜師至門下練武並觀察之,見師於練武過程之總總艱苦皆能安忍,如是歷時三月,一日語師曰:「小孩你過關啦!明日我帶你去見真正的大老師。」次日遂攜師薦與老先生。然師於老先生處練武半年,老先生未曾稍加理睬,一日,師歸省師爺楊慶先,甫見面,師爺即調侃曰:「哎呀!不得了囉,現在功夫比我好了,跟真正的大老師學了!」
“Not me, either. Old Yang should,” Master Wang exclaimed. The revered teacher whom Master Wang had referenced was Mr. Yang Tingdong (楊廷棟; aka. “Yang Mingzhai” or “Blind Yang”), the famous Sunbin Boxing teacher in Shandong at the time. Grandmaster agreed, so Master Wang took Teacher under his wing as well and continued to observe him. He noticed Teacher was able to tolerate all the hardships of the arduous training process. “You’ve passed! I’ll take you to meet a really great master tomorrow,” he told Teacher one day about three months later. Then the next day he recommended him to Old Yang; however, even after training with Old Yang for half a year, he still did not pay Teacher any attention. “Ah! Oh no, your kungfu is better than mine. You’re learning from a really great master now!” Grandmaster promptly said in jest upon seeing Teacher as he returned for a visit.
師則苦著臉答曰:「沒有啦!我在那兒半年,老先生看都不看我,摸也都沒摸我一下。」師爺聞之憤然往詰老先生曰:「怎麼?我的學生不好嗎,你連看都不看他一眼?」 老先生則連聲軟語曰:「好啦!好啦!我教啦!我教啦!」自此師之孫臏拳乃親得老先生指授。
“I didn’t! I was there for 6 months. Old Yang didn’t look at me or even touch me once,” Teacher responded with a bitter face. After being informed of this, Grandmaster irritatedly went over to cross-examine Old Yang. “Why? My student isn’t good enough? You haven’t even given him a chance?” he asked. “OK! OK! I’ll teach him! I’ll teach him!” Old Yang softly repeated. Following which, Teacher’s Sunbin Boxing was taught by Old Yang directly.
民國二十五年,師結業於青島國術館摔角班第五期。民國二十六年,抗日戰爭爆發,國術館被迫關閉,館內師生多數自願參軍,師自不例外。市府秘書長李先良代理市長後,率軍民進入嶗山抗日,其基本部隊即是擁有大批國術人才之青島保安總隊,這支以國術好手為骨幹的抗日勁旅行蹤飄忽,不斷對敵實施突擊、劫獄、搶奪兵器、彈藥、物資,甚至劫取大批機器創立兩所兵工廠自行生產武器,日寇對之莫可奈何,漢奸及偽軍則提心吊膽,日夜不寧。山東人皆以「青保」稱之。青保亦為師生命中之重要舞台。師自述於抗日期間凡三度與敵進行白刃戰,誅除之敵偽漢奸不在少數,歷經各次大小戰役及危險任務終能履險如夷。
In the 25th year of the ROC (1936), Teacher graduated from the Qingdao Martial Arts Institute’s 5th Shuaijiao Class. In the 26th year of the ROC (1937), the Second Sino-Japanese War broke out; the Qingdao Martial Arts Institute was forced to close; most of the Institute’s teachers and students volunteered for the army, and Teacher was himself no exception. After Secretary General of the city government Li Xianliang (李先良) became acting mayor, Teacher led both the army and civilians into Laoshan to fight against Japan. His basic military unit, which included a large number of talented martial artists, was the Qingdao Security Corps (青島保安總隊). This elusive, elite anti-Japanese squad with competent martial artists at its core carried out constant enemy raids, broke prisoners out of prison, seized weapons, ammunition and supplies. They even seized large quantities of machinery and created two armament factories in an effort to manufacture weapons on their own. Not only were the Japanese invaders unable to handle them, they frightened the traitors and puppet troops and had them on edge day and night. People in Shandong called them the “Qingbao” (青保; aka. “Qingdao Security Corps”), and this was also an important stage in Teacher’s life. During the Second Sino-Japanese War, Teacher said he engaged in hand-to-hand combat against the enemy three times, eliminated more than a few enemy traitors, and in the various battles and dangerous missions, was able to keep a cool head throughout all the challenging crises.
抗戰結束後,民國三十五年,青島國術館復館,師於三十六年畢業於師範班第一期。
In the 35th year of the ROC (1946) after the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937~1945), the Qingdao Martial Arts Institute reopened, and in the 36th year (1947), Teacher graduated from its first teachers-training class.
民國三十七年因國共局勢逆轉,師乃整甲歸戎,於整編之青島保安旅任少尉排長職。
In the 37th year of the ROC (1948), due to the situation reversing between the Kuomintang and Chinese Communist Party, Teacher returned to the military and served in the reorganized Qingdao Security Corps as Second Lieutenant Platoon Leader.
民國三十八年所屬部隊經海南轉進來台。
In the 38th year of the ROC (1949), all subordinate troops were transferred via Hainan to Taiwan.
民國四十八年退役,師官階為台灣警備總司令部職業訓導第二總隊中尉分隊長。
In the 49th year of the ROC (1960), Teacher retired with the official rank of Lieutenant Commander of the Second Security Police Vocational Training Unit of the Taiwan Provincial Garrison Command.
民國五十六至五十七年受聘為陸軍戰技幹部訓練班拳術組教官。
From the 56th to 57th year of the ROC (1967~68), Teacher was hired as Army Cadres Combat Skills Squadron Martial Arts Instructor.
五十八年至五十九年受聘為陸軍步校體幹班教官。
From the 58th to 59th year of the ROC (1969~70), he was employed as ROC Ground Forces Squad Physical Fitness Instructor.
民國六十三年起,師受勤益工專創辦人——張明將軍聘請為訓導處組員並指導國術社,將其生命最後一程十餘年之歲月奉獻予青年學子。
Beginning in the 63rd year of the ROC (1974), he was hired by General Zhang Ming, the founder of National Chin-Yi University of Technology, as Training Division Team Member and also led the school’s martial arts club, dedicating the last decade of his life to his young students.
師雖屆古稀之年而懷赤子之心,閒聊時談笑風生,以其獨特之幽默,常一語出而眾皆捧腹,師生歡聚一堂,其樂融融;然教起拳來則一絲不茍,目光炯炯有神,威嚴畢現,尤其當師親身示範動作時,其身法、手法、眼法、步法等配合得天衣無縫,常令隨學者屏息凝神,嘆為觀止。
Although Teacher grew old, he retained a child-like heart and would joke around with you during chats. With his unique humor, he took great joy from participating in harmonious teacher-student events, and often made people burst out laughing by merely uttering a single word. On the other hand, whenever Teacher taught martial arts, he was extraordinarily meticulous. His gaze was bright and full of spirit; he was dignified and completely present; and, when personally demonstrating movements himself — his body, techniques, eyes and footwork were so well-coordinated — his students would regularly hold their breaths and gasp in awe.
師孤身在台,子女均陷大陸,以是視學生若己出,國術社學生並不以老師稱呼之,率皆直呼「武伯」;然師課徒亦有嚴謹一面,於己則以身教示尊師重道之理,其所學本門孫臏拳雖得自老先生親傳,然於入門老師仍執弟子禮,師爺在世之日,逢年過節必親往省視,於所師承之拳架決不擅自更改。於學生則不獨傳授拳技,更示以為人處世之道,若於倫常道德有所踰越則必當面呵斥不假辭色。其行誼甚獲全校師生敬重,董事長張明將軍譽之為「勤益工專之精神保壘」。
Teacher lived in Taiwan by himself with his children stuck in China so he treated his students as if they were his own. Rather than calling him “Teacher,” students from the Chinese Martial Arts Club addressed him as “Uncle Wu,” yet he also had a strict side. He taught his disciples the principle of “honoring teachers and respecting their ways.” The Sunbin Boxing system he inherited was transmitted directly to him from Old Yang. Despite this, he still performed the discipleship customs of his first teacher. Throughout his life, Teacher personally went to visit Grandmaster for New Years and other festivals, and never changed the martial arts forms he taught him without permission. In addition to teaching students martial arts skills, he showed them how to conduct themselves and how to deal with the world. If anyone transgressed his moral or ethical codes, he would reprimand them face-to-face without any reservations. Both his conduct and friendship were highly respected by the school’s teachers and students, and the chairman of the board, General Chang Ming, hailed him as “The Spiritual Fountain of National Chin-Yi University of Technology”.
民國七十五年四月二十五日,師因心肌梗塞逝於山中居所,受業弟子多人隨侍在側,事出突然,聞之者莫不同感震驚、惋惜與不捨,師臨走之當日早上仍教導當時國術社長李樹炎雙刀之地趟動作,並親身於地上示範。
On April 25, 1975 of the ROC (1986), Teacher passed away from myocardial infarction at his residence in the mountains with his disciples and a lot of other people he instructed by his side. After it had suddenly occurred, anyone who heard the news was shocked, regretful, and reluctant to let go. On the morning of his departure, Teacher still instructed the then-president of the Chinese Martial Arts Club Li Shuyan in Ground Boxing Double Broadsword and demonstrated techniques on the ground himself.
師對於自己一生的選擇——武術——可謂做到了鞠躬盡瘁,死而後已。
With regard to the primary choice he made for his life — martial arts — Teacher can be said to have spared no effort in the performance of his duties until the very end of his dying days.
註: 楊廷棟是楊慶先伯父。
*Note: Yang Tingdong (老先生; aka. “Old Yang”) was Yang Qingxian’s uncle (father’s eldest brother).
Translated & edited by ZhongwenTranslation
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