齐燕会馆
The Qiyan Assembly Hall/
by Baidu (Wiki)
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齐燕会馆位于山东省青岛市馆陶路13号,“会馆”是明朝以来同乡人士在各地设立的一种社会组织,是在传统市场经济拓展、人口迁移和流动频繁的大环境下,适应社会的变迁而出现的。齐燕会馆亦是伴随着清末青岛大量的人口流动和剧烈的城市化而应运而生的,并逐渐发展成为青岛经济实力最强、商号数量最多的同乡会馆。
The Qiyan Assembly Hall (original site) was located at No. 13 Guantao Road, Qingdao City, Shandong. “Assembly halls” are a kind of public building consisting of social organizations that have been set up throughout China since the Ming Dynasty by local figures in the same region. They’ve adapted to the changes in society and emerged within an expanding traditional market economy and frequent migration and population movements. The Qiyan Assembly Hall also rose as Qingdao’s urban population expanded during the late Qing Dynasty, and eventually became Qingdao’s strongest economic business community with the largest number of merchants.
Introduction:
在其成立之后,与三江会馆和广东会馆并称为青岛早期的“三大会馆”, 其实即是汇聚于胶澳租界的三大华商集团,它们对胶澳、山东乃至整个华东的经济形势具有举足轻重的影响力。
The Qiyan Assembly Hall’s establishment, together with the Sanjiang Assembly Hall (三江会馆) and Guangdong Assembly Hall (广东会馆), known collectively as Qingdao’s first “Three Great Assembly Halls,” were actually congregations of the three main merchant groups under the Sino-German Jiaoao Concession, which had a significant impact on the economics of Jiaoao, Shandong, and all of East China.
Name origins:
齐燕会馆由青岛商务总会会长傅炳昭倡建,当年在青岛的山东商人亦分为三大商帮:黄县帮、掖县帮、即墨帮,傅氏既为黄县帮的领袖同时又是整个华商界的代表,1907年齐燕会馆落成时德国总督与山东巡抚皆出席庆典,大门两侧楹联为学部侍郎刘廷琛所提:“齐鲁为礼义文物所宗、谁使海邦同被化,燕赵多慷慨悲歌之士、我来田岛问英雄。” 对仗虽不甚工整,但意蕴丰富,其中所透露的地方意识与文化自信在今日看来尤为可贵。后河北省天津籍的成通号经理朱杰加入,故于1922年改名为“齐燕会馆”。
Fu Bingzhao (傅炳昭; 1865~1946), chairman of the Qingdao General Chamber of Commerce, initiated the construction of the Qiyan Assembly Hall at a time when the Shandong merchants in Qingdao were divided into three main groups: Huang County (黄县帮), Ye County (掖县帮), and Jimo County (即墨帮). Fu was the leader of Huang County and a representative of the whole Chinese business community. In 1907, once the Qiyan Assembly Hall was completed, both the German governor and Shandong governor attended the celebration. Education minister Liu Tingchen (刘廷琛; 1868~1932) presented the couplet which hung on the sides of the door: “Qilu [an old term for “Shandong”] is inhabited by righteous cultural relics, who transformed the sea and state alike; men of Yan and Zhao, with your loftiness and tragic songs, I have arrived at Tianheng Island to consult the heroes.” Although the lines aren’t especially neat or balanced, the inner meaning is profound, and the local awareness and confidence in one’s culture they evoke seem particularly valuable today. Later on, Zhu Jie (朱杰), a Chengtong (成通号) manager from Tianjin, Hebei joined forces with Fu, so it was renamed the “Qiyan Assembly Hall” (“齐” or “Qi” referred to “the state of Qi” that included Shandong; “燕” or “yan” referred to the “state of Yan” that included Hebei).
1925年孙中山逝世青岛追悼会、“五卅”青岛集会均在此举行。1938年1月日第二次占领青岛后,齐燕会馆被日军强占,改名“兴亚俱乐部”。解放后,这里曾是海军招待所,现为海军驻地。
Both the Qingdao memorial service for Sun Yat-sen’s death in 1925 and the Qingdao “May 30th Incident” rally were held here. In January 1938, following Japan’s second occupation of Qingdao, the Qiyan Assembly Hall was forcibly seized by the Japanese army and renamed “Xingya Club” (兴亚俱乐部). After Qingdao’s liberation, it was used as a navy guesthouse and is now a naval station.
*Baidu Baike (百度百科) is an online Chinese-language encyclopedia owned by Baidu, China’s preeminent Internet search engine.
Translated & edited by ZhongwenTranslation
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